- Minä juon kahvia. - I'll drink some coffee.
- Minäkin juon kahvia. - Me too, I'll also drink some coffee.
- Minä juon kahviakin. - I will drink also coffee. (In addition to something else.)
When added to a verb, kin can mean a small surprise or a change of mind:
- Minä juon teetä. Ei, minä juonkin kahvia! - I'll drink some tea. No, I'll drink some coffee instead!
- (Update in 2023: I started to edit this post a little bit, but I run out of time and also realised that Uusi kielemme has this great post about the topic, so I'll just add it here now and continue with this later: https://uusikielemme.fi/finnish-grammar/syntax/liitepartikkelit/kin-kaan-liitepartikkeli-clitic-minakin-minakaan. Also Leila White's grammar book is a great source for examples: https://finnlectura.fi/oppimateriaalit/suomi-toisena-kielena/a-grammar-book-of-finnish/ )
In negative sentences, use kaan or kään according to the rules of vowel harmony.
- Minä en juo teetä. - I don't drink tea.
- Minäkään en juo teetä. - Me neither, I don't drink tea.
- Minä en juo kahvia enkä juo teetäkään. - I don't coffee and I don't drink tea either.
- Minä juon teetä. Tai ei, minä en juokaan teetä. - I'll drink some tea. Or no, I won't drink any tea after all.
In case you wonder about the future and present tenses:
- Minä juon nyt teetä. - I'm drinking tea now.
- Minä juon teetä. - I drink tea. (In general)
- Minä juon teetä. - I'll drink tea.
Notice that you can also express frustration with kin:
- Oli tämäkin päivä! - What a (horrible) day this was!
So it's completely fine to not indicate something is in the future by adding indicator words, and hope that the context will make it clear in the situation? Something simple for once!! =)
ReplyDeleteIf you want to make the future more clear, you could add "tulen": "Minä tulen juomaan teetä" - "I will drink tea". Of course it can also mean "I'm coming to drink tea" so :P ("Tulevaisuus" - "Future")
ReplyDelete