Friday, September 5, 2014

How to use '-kin', '-kaan' and '-kään' in Finnish

The enclitic particle kin means too, also. You can add it to almost any word, but notice how the meaning  of the sentence changes:

  • Minä juon kahvia. - I'll drink some coffee.
  • Minäkin juon kahvia. - Me too, I'll also drink some coffee.
  • Minä juon kahviakin. - I will drink also coffee. (In addition to something else.)

When added to a verb, kin can mean a small surprise or a change of mind:



In negative sentences, use kaan or kään according to the rules of vowel harmony.


  • Minä en juo teetä. - I don't drink tea.  
  • Minäkään en juo teetä. - Me neither, I don't drink tea. 
  • Minä en juo kahvia enkä juo teetäkään. - I don't coffee and I don't drink tea either.
  • Minä juon teetä. Tai ei, minä en juokaan teetä. - I'll drink some tea. Or no, I won't drink any tea after all. 





In case you wonder about the future and present tenses:

  • Minä juon nyt teetä. - I'm drinking tea now. 
  • Minä juon teetä. - I drink tea. (In general)
  • Minä juon teetä. - I'll drink tea. 

Notice that you can also express frustration with kin:

  • Oli tämäkin päivä! - What a (horrible) day this was!
  • Tämäkin vielä! - This one, too! (These two little words can really ruin the mood! :))



Thanks for reading! If you enjoyed this post, feel free to share it. 
Kiitos, kun luit! Jos pidit postauksesta, voit jakaa sen eteenpäin.
– Hanna


2 comments:

  1. So it's completely fine to not indicate something is in the future by adding indicator words, and hope that the context will make it clear in the situation? Something simple for once!! =)

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  2. If you want to make the future more clear, you could add "tulen": "Minä tulen juomaan teetä" - "I will drink tea". Of course it can also mean "I'm coming to drink tea" so :P ("Tulevaisuus" - "Future")

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