Confusingly similar words in Finnish

Here are some words that are annoyingly similar, especially if you're taking a certain exam and there is a risk that you will spend all your time talking about a wrong topic. I'll keep adding to this list as I notice more words that might be confusing.

• Aika is time. The genitive of aika is ajan, which is also the first person conjugation of ajaa, to drive.

• Eläin is an animal. Elämä is life.

• Kokemus is an experience. Kokous is a meeting. Kokoomus is The National Coalition Party.

• Kotitehtävä is homework. Kotityö is a chore such as cleaning or washing the dishes. 

• Kylä is a village, but it's also used in the expression käydä kylässä, to visit someone.

• Leikata is to cut. Leikkiä is to play as a child. 

• Liha is meat, lihava is fat, lihas is a muscle, and lihaksikas is muscular. 

• Liikenne is traffic. Liike is a movement or a store or a shop. Liikunta is sports.

• Luonto is nature. Luento is a lecture. Luonne is a personality, a temperament.

• Menestys is a success. Menetys is a loss.

• Menestyä is to succeed. Menehtyä is to die. 

• Muuttaa is just tricky in general, so you should read this post.

• Myrsky is a strom. Myrkky is poison. 

• Ohjelma is a programme. Ongelma is a problem.

• Patient is either a noun potilas or an adjective kärsivällinen.

• Rakkaus is love. Raskaus is pregnancy. Raiskaus is a rape.

• Rukata is to fix a little bit. Runkata is to masturbate.  In newspapers, rukata is often in the past tense rukkasi, and it really makes you want to read the text twice. 

• Sää is a weather. Säästää is to save, as in to save money. Säästä is both about the weather and the command Save!

• Tapaaminen is a meeting. Tappaminen is killing. 

• Terveellinen is healthy. Turvallinen is safe. 

• Valita is to choose. Valittaa is to complain. Välittää is to care or to pass on. 

• Varata is to book or to reserve. Varastaa is to steal. Verrata is to compare.

• Viallinen is faulty. Virallinen is official. Vaarallinen is dangerous. 

• Mä tapaan sut. Mä tapan sut. You must know this one!

• Olen pahoillani is I'm sorry. Paholainen is a devil.

Thanks for reading! If you enjoyed this post, feel free to share it. 
Kiitos, kun luit! Jos pidit postauksesta, voit jakaa sen eteenpäin.
– Hanna

Life after the Yki test

So you have passed the Yki test. Onneksi olkoon!

Mitä sitten? Mitä seuraavaksi? - Then what?

I don't know for sure, but I have this feeling that many people study like crazy to pass the exam and then forget about their Finnish studies. Usually the reason is that they don't have the time or the professional need to learn more, or that there simply aren't so many courses above the intermediate level. Also, self-studying is often more motivating if you have a clear goal to reach, but the advanced test is so difficult that you might feel that it's not very realistic to reach the level 5 any time soon.

Anyway, here are my tips for keeping up with Finnish even after you have passed the Yki.

• Find a friend who also wants to study Finnish. Set small goals and meet regularly. 
• Find a Finn who wants to learn your language, and study those languages together. 
• If your friend doesn't live in your city, study together via Skype or something similar.
• Remember that studying doesn't have to be boring and you don't need to be sitting inside in order to learn. Go for a walk or for a drink in Finnish. Or watch a movie, or go to a museum. 
• Read a lot. If normal Finnish it too much, try selkokieli, easy / simplified Finnish. 
• Ask for help with your Finnish. People like to help, if they know how to help. 
• Watch Finnish tv with subtitles. 
• In short, add more Finnish to your life and make it fun.
• Use Ykitreenit to see if you'd be ready to take the advanced level test, and go for it. 

About the author of Random Finnish Lesson: 

My name is Hanna Männikkölahti. I am a professional Finnish teacher who gives private online lessons and simplifies books into easy Finnish. Follow this blog, if you want to be the first one to know when I post something new. If you want to subscribe to my newsletter, you can do it here.

Lue lisää selkokirjoistani: www.hannamannikkolahti.com

Ulkoilla

Ulkoilla is one of those verbs that I never used before I had children. It means being outside, usually with children. The idea is to get fresh air and make the children tired so that they'll sleep at night. Ulkoilu is definitely more than just standing outside, but you're not necessarily doing anything productive either. If you were, you could use verbs such as

• kävellä - to walk
• juosta - to run
• pelata - to play games or sports
• leikkiä - to play (as a child)
• käydä lenkillä - to go for a walk or a run
• tehdä puutarhatöitä - to do garden work
• haravoida lehtiä - to rake leaves
• tehdä lumitöitä - to shovel snow

A typical phrase at a Finnish daycare (and in some families, but not in mine) is Ulkoilemme säällä kuin säällä, which means that they'll go outside no matter how cold or wet it is. In Finland, children are expected to have an extra rain gear at the daycare. That would include at least

• kumisaappaat - rubber boots
• sadetakki - rain coat
• kurahousut - rain pants, or literally mud pants
• kurarukkaset - rubber mittens

When it gets colder, you' might also need

• sukkahousut - stockings
• pitkät kalsarit - long underwear
• toppahousut - winter pants (you know, the really thick ones)
• toppahaalari - winter overalls
• pipo -  I still haven't found a perfect translation, but you know, pipo.
• lapaset - mittens
• rukkaset - really thick mittens, often leather
• villasukat - wool socks
• talvikengät - winter boots
• kauluri - a neck warmer

Anyway, ulkoilu is fun even at this time of the year, if you have the right clothes and a sauna waiting for you. If this was useful, you might also like my post What to wear in winter in Finland and giving birth in Finnish.

p.s. Check out my new Memrise course!

Talking about having questions in Finnish

Here's how to say that you have a question or questions. Notice that you can use three different endings!

Singular partitive 'kysymystä':

• Minulla on pari kysymystä. - I have a couple of questions.
• Minulla on monta kysymystä. - I have many questions.

Plural partitive 'kysymyksiä':

• Minulla on paljon kysymyksiä. - I have a lot of questions.
• Minulla on muutamia kysymyksiä. - I have a few questions.
• Minulla on joitain kysymyksiä. - I have some questions.

Sometimes it's ok to use singular nominative 'kysymys': 

• Minulla on muutama kysymys. - I have a few questions. (Yes, very strangely, this means exactly the same as muutamia kysymyksiä.)
• Minulla on vain yksi kysymys. - I have only one question.

Onko jotain kysyttävää?

About the author of Random Finnish Lesson: 

My name is Hanna Männikkölahti. I am a professional Finnish teacher who gives private online lessons and simplifies books into easy Finnish. Follow this blog, if you want to be the first one to know when I post something new.  If you want to subscribe to my newsletter, you can do it here.