1. o, u and y stay:
- sanon > sanoin - I say. I said.
- puhun > puhuin - I speak. I spoke.
- kysyn > kysyin - I ask. I asked.
2. a, ä, e and i go away:
- ostan > ostin - I buy. I bought.
- heitän > heitin - I throw. I threw.
- menen > menin - I go. I went.
- tarvitsen > tarvitsin - I need. I needed.
- pakenen > pakenin - I escape. I escaped.
- tanssin = tanssin - I dance. I danced. (Yes, they are the same.)
3. Sometimes a becomes o:
- annan > annoin - I give. I gave. (Here's a separate post about this topic!)
4. With the verb type 2 verbs, the first vowel is dropped when you add i to the stem.
(Käydä is an exception as käyn becomes kävin in the past tense.)
- syön > söin - I eat. I ate.
- juon > join - I drink. I drunk.
- vien > vein - I take away. I took away.
- saan > sain - I get. I got.
5. Finally, all verb type 4 verbs and some verbs in the verb type 1 have si in the past tense:
- pakkaan > pakkasin - I pack. I packed.
- haluan > halusin - I want. I wanted.
- tykkään > tykkäsin - I like. I liked.
- tiedän > tiesin - I know. I knew.
- ymmärrän > ymmärsin - I understand. I understood.
- lennän > lensin - I flow. I flew.
p.s. Notice that the third person singular has only one i in the end. Sometimes people accidentally double the i, but don't.
- hän lähtee > hän lähti - S/he leaves. S/he left.
If this was useful, you might also like my post past tense in a nutshell.
6 comments:
Thank you this is very clear and easy to understand, I have been trying to remember this for a while!
Eipä kestä. Kiva kun voin olla hyödyksi! :)
this blog directly targets the real problems that Finnish learner are facing. Great blog! Hyvää bloggi!
How do you say I took a finnish course
Hyvä kysymys! I'd say "Opiskelin suomen kurssilla" or "Olin suomen kurssilla."
hmmmm, just a recommend to you a mind map on Miro platform, it is better for you to teach!!! Everything you are doing are wonderful, thank you and bless!
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